DIAGNOSTIC FEATURES OF THE SUBFAMILIES OF ICHNEUMONIDAE

Dr. Yasemin ÖZDEMİR

Acaenitinae, Adelognathinae, Anomaloninae, Banchinae, Campopleginae (Porizontinae), Collyrinae, Cremastinae, Ctenopelmatinae (Scolobatinae), Diplazontinae, Gelinae (Cryptinae), Ichneumoninae, Mesochorinae, Metopinae, Microleptinae, Orthocentrinae,  Ophioninae, Phrudinae, Pimplinae (Ephialtinae), Tersilochinae, Tryphoninae, Xoridinae.

Subfamily:Acaenitinae

Clypeus often not separated face by a weak groove

Mandibula with two teeth

First abdominal tergite rather straight, usually without a glymma, its spiracle a little in front middle

Sternaulus absent

Postpectal carina incomplete

Propodeum with a variable number  of carinae, often well areolated

Areolet  usually absent

Abdomen cylindric or weakly compressed

Female subgenital plate very large, sclerotized, triangular and folded on the midline,its pointed apex reaching or surpassing apex of abdomen

Ovipositor slender, always extending beyond tip of abdomen, without a subapical dorsal notch, its tip usually with transverse ridges

Tarsal claws usually with a tooth, sometimes simple

Subfamily: Adelognathinae

Clypeus separated face by a weak groove

Mandibula with two teeth that are equal

First abdominal segment short and stout to moderately slender without a glymma, its spiracle beyond the middle, at least by a little bit

Sternaulus absent

Postpectal carina never complete

Propodeum varying from rather completely areolated to smooth

Areolet absent or present when present rather small, roughly pentagonal or rhombic

Abdomen depressed

Ovipositor about as long, as apical depth of abdomen, stout tapered apically to a smooth point, without a subapical dorsal notch, and without apical teeth

Tarsal claws short, simple

Subfamily:Anomaloninae

Clypeus often not separated face by a groove

Mandibula usually with two teeth

Occipital carina usually at outer hind margin of head

First abdominal tergite long, usually slender, its spiracle behind  the middle

Sternaulus absent

Postpectal carina complete or incomplete

Propodeum reticulately wrinkled

Areolet lacking, the intercubitus usually basad of second recurrent vein

Abdomen compressed

Ovipositor shorter than apical depth of abdomen ,its tip with a subapical dorsal notch,

Tarsal claws simple or pectinate, hind tarsus often swollen especially in males

Subfamily: Banchinae

Clypeus separated face by a groove,

Mandibula with two teeth

Sternaulus absent or short

Postpectal carina absent

Propodeum with apical transverse carina evenly arched and usually strong, sometimes the propodeum with additional carinae and sometimes entirely without carinae

First abdominal segment stout to slender, its spiracle at or front the middle or sometimes at middle, glymma nearly always present

Areolet present or absent, when present .pointed above, very rarely pentagonal

Abdomen depressed or sometimes compressed

Female subgenital plate large, prominent, triangular in profile, its apex nearly always with a median notch.

Ovipositor very small and short to about 5 times as hind tibia, usually with a distinct subapical dorsal notch, its lower valve without teeth

Tarsal claws usually pectinate

Subfamily : Campopleginae (Porizontinae)

Clypeus usually not distinctly separated from face

Mandibula with two teeth

Sternaulus absent or short

Postpectal carina complete

Propodeum usually partly to completely areolated

First abdominal segment moderately slender to very slender, its spiracle behind  the middle,without median longitudinal carinae, glymma present or absent

Areolet usually present, usually pointed or petiolate above

Abdomen weakly to strongly compressed or sometimes not distinctly compressed

Ovipositor as long as apical depth of abdomen or longer, straight or when long nearly always upcurved, its tip with a subapical dorsal notch and lower valve without apical teeth

Tarsal claws usually pectinate

Subfamily : Collyrinae

Clypeus separated face by a groove, its apex subtruncate and with a weak median tooth

Mandibula with two teeth

Sternaulus absent

Postpectal carina incomplete

Propodeum rather long, with median,lateral ve pleural carinae

Abdomen subcylindric, subclavate , its apical half weakly compressed

First abdominal tergite gradually enlarged from base to apex, not arched, without a glymma, its spiracle a little in front of middle

Areolet absent

Ovipositor tip sharp and smooth, without a subapical dorsal notch , its lower edge a row of widely spaced denticles

Claws of front and middle tarsi with a tooth,claws of hind tarsus large, simple, strongly curved

Subfamily : Cremastinae

Clypeus separated face by a groove, face usually pale-marked

Mandibula with two teeth

Sternaulus absent

Postpectal carina always complete

Propodeum usually with a complete or almost complete set carinae, sometimes the median and lateral longitudinal carinae partly or completely absent and rarely all carinae absent.

First abdominal tergite elongate, usually with a glymma that is long and shallow, its spiracle behind the middle, rarely at the middle

Areolet present or absent, when present .pointed above

Body of moderate proportions to very long and slender, abdomen usually strongly compressed

Ovipositor extending beyond apex of abdomen with a subapical dorsal notch and without evident transverse ridges on lower valve.

Spurs of all tibiae set in a membranous area that is separated from membranous area of tarsal insertion by a sclerotized bridge

Tarsal claws partially to completely pectinate.

Subfamily:Ctenopelmatinae( Scolobatinae)

Clypeus separated face by a groove,

Mandibula with two teeth

Sternaulus absent or short

Postpectal carina never complete

Propodeum varying from completely areolated to smooth, often with a median apical area and apical sublateral areas

First abdominal segment stout to elongate, straight or somewhat decurved, its spiracle at or before the middle

Areolet present or absent, when present .subtriangular, narrow, pointed or petiolate above

Abdomen cylindric or depressed, sometimes compressed

Ovipositor usually  not longer, its tip with a subapical dorsal notch, lower valve without teeth

Small point on outer apical margin of front tibia(see from apical view)

Tarsal claws simple or pectinate

Subfamily :Diplazontinae

Clypeus separated face by a groove or impression

Mandibula short and wide, upper tooth divided into an upper and lower point by a weak notch in apical margin, the mandible thus appearing 3-toothed

Sternaulus short or absent

Postpectal carina incomplete

Propodeum short ,rather evenly convex, often without carinae or often with a very large petiolar area, sometimes also with additional carinae

First abdominal tergite wide, its spiracle in front of middle

Areolet present or absent, when present usually pointed above

Abdomen  depressed or compressed

Ovipositor shorter than apical depth of abdomen , its tip with a subapical dorsal notch,

Tarsal claws simple.

Subfamily: Gelinae (Cryptinae)

Clypeus separated face by a groove,clypeal margin commonly convex and/or with 1 or 2 teeth

Mandibula with two teeth

Sternaulus usually more than half as long as mesopleurum, often reaching to hind edge of mesopleurum.

Postpectal carina rarely complete, usually widely interrupted in front of each middle coax

Propodeum usually with both longitudinal and transverse carinae, the areola usually defined

First sternite fused with first tergite, glymma always lacking, its spiracle behind middle or rarely at slightly in front of middle, the segment more or less decurved at the spiracle, second tergite nearly always with thyridia.

Areolet closed or sometimes open, almost never pointed anteriorly (the intercubiti being separate on the radial vein), usually pentagonal in shape.

Abdomen depressed or rarely compressed

Ovipositor nearly always longer than apical depth of abdomen, usually extending beyond apex of abdomen by about half the length of abdomen.its tip usually with a distinct nodus, without a subapical dorsal notch, ridges on its lower valve nearly always numerous and distinct

Tarsal claws simple

Some species wingless.

Subfamily : Ichneumoninae

Clypeus separated face by a groove,clypeal margin commonly truncate

Mandibula with two teeth or one

Sternaulus short and shallow or absent

Postpectal carina never complete

Propodeum usually rather long, nearly always with  well developed an enclosed areola nearly always present and usually the costula

First abdominal segment with  spiracle beyond the middle, strongly expanded at and beyond spiracle, without glymma

Areolet always present nearly always pentagonal

Abdomen always depressed

Ovipositor shorter than apical depth of abdomen , its tipwith a few ridges and without a nodus or subapical dorsal notch,

Tarsal claws simple or pectinate.

Subfamily : Mesochorinae

Clypeus  and face forming a broad , rather weakly convex surface, clypeus not separated by a groove

Mandibula with two teeth

First abdominal tergit tapered toward base, always with a large glymma, the spiracle  near middle or distinctly behind middle, second and following tergites nearly always polished

Sternaulus absent or short and weak

Postpectal carina never complete

Propodeum usually completely carinated

Areolet almost always present ,usually large, rhombic with its front side pointed or almost pointed

Abdomen weakly compressed

Ovipositor sheath rigid and rather wide, clasper of male ending in a long narrow rod

Ovipositor very slender its without a distinct notch or ridges,

Tarsal claws simple or pectinate usually pectinate

Subfamily : Metopinae

Clypeus not separated face by a groove, the clypeus and face together forming an evenly convex surface or the face has large flat or concave escutcheon-shaped area that bounded by a carina

Mandibula with two teeth or one

First abdominal tergit  usually short and stout with glymma present and spiracle in front of middle

Abdomen depressed

Sternaulus absent or represented by a wide shallow furrow

Postpectal carina not complete

Propodeum short to long usually with carinae

Areolet present or absent when present usually small and triangular but sometimes larger and rhombic

Body short and stout, ,the head, thorax, and legs usually very stout

Ovipositor not projecting beyond tip of abdomen without a dorsal subapical notch

Tarsal claws simple or pectinate

Subfamily :Microleptinae

Small, delicate species

Clypeus  separated face by a groove,

Mandibula usually small, slender and tapered to a narrow apex, the lower tooth usually smaller than the upper tooth and sometimes absent

First abdominal tergit short and stout to long and slender usually moderately long, its spiracle near or in front of middle

Abdomen depressed, cylindric or compressed

Sternaulus short or absent

Postpectal carina never complete

Propodeum usually with numerous carinae but without basal carina

Areolet present or absent when present small and petiolate or pointed above

Ovipositor short to long, slender, usually with a subapical dorsal notch , its tip seldom with discernible ridges.

Tarsal claws simple or rarely pectinate

Subfamily : Ophioninae

Clypeus separated face by a groove, ocelli usually very large

Mandibula with two teeth

Sternaulus absent or shallow and short

Postpectal carina often complete

Propodeum sometimes completely or incompletely areolated , more often with only the basal carina present, sometimes without any carinae.

First abdominal segment long, tergite completely fused with sternite, without glymma, and with spiracle far behind the middle,

Areolet absent, the intercubitus always far distad of second recurrent vein

Second brachial cell always with a long spurious vein paralleling all or most of its hind edge

Abdomen usually strongly compressed

Ovipositor nearly always a little shorter than apical depth abdomen, with a subapical dorsal notch and without distinct ridges on lower valve.

Tarsal claws always pectinate.

Usually stramineous or fulvous colaration

Subfamily : Orthocentrinae

Clypeus small not separated by a groove , clypeus and face forming a large, strongly convex area , scape cylindric

Mandibula slender , with two teeth or one

First abdominal tergit with spiracle  in front middle and glymma present

Sternaulus very short or absent.

Postpectal carina always incomplete